Perceived Femininity: Women Working in Male-Dominated Occupations
Keywords:
femininity, gender, male-dominated occupations
Abstract
Patriarchal society significantly affects how people interpret gender In the Indonesian, which leads to segregation and gender stereotypes in the workplace.Current development, women are entering fields like mining and construction that were formerly dominated by men. This study seeks to understand how women perceive their femininity when working in environments where men predominate. The research method is interpretive phenomenological analysis (IPA), which uses a qualitative and explorative approach in line with the constructivist paradigm. The information gathered from interviews was analyzed using Smith, Flowers, and Larkin's (2009) data analysis techniques. The findings indicate that women who work in professions where men predominate regard their femininity as a combination of traditional femininity, new femininity, and adopted male traits as a means of adjusting to the workplace. This leads us to the conclusion that femininity is currently changing and that women today tend to express themselves more freely.
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Zulkarnain, J. A., & Wiyatmi. (2018). Dekonstruksi Femininitas dalam Novel-Novel Karya Eka Kurniawan. Poetika: Jurnal Ilmu Sastra, VI(2). https://doi.org/10.22146/poetika.40188
Asmarani, R. (2022). Keselarasan Femininitas dan Maskulinitas dalam Cerpen “The Other Two” Karya Edith Wharton. Diglosia: Jurnal Kajian Bahasa, Sastra, Dan Pengajarannya, 5(2). https://doi.org/10.30872/diglosia.v5i2.408
Badan Pusat Statistik, B. (2022). [SAKERNAS] Tingkat Partisipasi Angkatan Kerja (TPAK) (Persen), 2020-2022. Retrieved from Badan Pusat Statistik: https://ppukab.bps.go.id/indicator/6/183/1/tingkat-partisipasi-angkatan-kerja-tpak-.html
Badan Pusat Statistik, B. (2022). Keadaan Angkatan Kerja di Indonesia Februari 2022.
Caldwell, M., & Kleppe, I. A. (2006). Gender Identity and Perceptions of Femininity in Everyday Life: a Multi Country Study of Contemporary Young Female Achievers. Journal of the Association for Consumer Research. http://www.acrwebsite.org/volumes/12496/gender/v08/GCB-08http://www.copyright.com/.22
Creswell, J. W., & Creswell, J. D. (2018). Resarch Design: Qualitative, Quantitative, and Mixed Methods Approaces.
DeVito, J. A. (2016). The Interpersonal Communication Book.
Dozier, R. (2017). Female Masculinity at Work: Managing Stigma on the Job. Psychology of Women Quarterly.
Dresden, B. E., Dresden, A. Y., Ridge, R. D., & Yamawaki, N. (2018). No Girls Allowed: Women in Male-Dominated Majors Experience Increased Gender Harassment and Bias. Psychological Reports, 121(3), 459–474. https://doi.org/10.1177/0033294117730357
Fixmer-Oraiz, N., & Wood, J. (2019). Gendered Lives: Communication, Gender, and Culture.
Forkuor, J. B., Buari, M. A., & Aheto, C. K. A. (2019). Breaking Barriers: The Experiences of Women in Male Dominated Informal Sector Occupations in Urban Ghana. Gender Issues, 37(1). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12147-019-09231-5
Geopani, M. (2021, February 17). Segregasi Profesi Berdasarkan Gender Masih Terjadi. Retrieved from Voa Indonesia: https://www.voaindonesia.com/a/segregasi-profesi-berdasarkan-gender-masih-terjadi/5780894.html
Griffin, E., Ledbetter, A., & Sparks, G. (2019). A First Look at Communication Theory. New York: McGraw-Hill.
Herawati, M. (2016). PEMAKNAAN GENDER PEREMPUAN PEKERJA MEDIA DI JAWA BARAT. Jurnal Kajian Komunikasi.
KemenPPPA. (2022). PROFIL PEREMPUAN INDONESIA 2022.
Lindsey, L. L. (2016). Gender Roles: A Sociological Perspective. Routledge.
Lindsey, L. L. (2016). Gender Roles: A Sociological Perspective. Routledge.
Mahdi, M. I. (2022, 4 11). Makin Banyak Perempuan Indonesia Jadi Pekerja Profesional. Retrieved from DataIndonesia: https://dataindonesia.id/sektor-riil/detail/makin-banyak-perempuan-indonesia-jadi-pekerja-profesional
Mahmudah, Z. (2019). PEKERJA PEREMPUAN DI TAMBANG: BENTUK NEGOSIASI KESETARAAN GENDER DALAM DUNIA KERJA MASKULIN. Jurnal ASPIKOM.
Martin, P., & Barnard, A. (2013). The experience of women in male-dominated occupations: A constructivist grounded theory inquiry. SA Journal of Industrial Psychology. https://doi.org/10.4102/sajip.v39i2.1099
Nally, C., & Smith, A. (2015). Twenty-First Century Feminism: Forming and Performing Femininity. PALGRAVE MACMILLAN.
Purwanto, D. A. (2021). DOUBLE ROLES OF MARRIED WORKING WOMEN IN INDONESIA: FOR BETTER OR FOR WORSE? Sustainability Science and Resources, 1(1), 38–61. https://doi.org/10.55168/ssr2809-6029.2021.1002
Rani, S. M., Priyatna, A., & Muhtadin, T. (2017). KONSTRUKSI FEMININITAS DALAM CERITA PENDEK “FATAMORGANA” KARYA AAM AMILIA. HUMANIKA, 24(1).
Riskasari, W. (2016). KONFLIK PERAN GANDA WANITA BERKARIR. Jurnal Psikologi Islam Al-Qalb.
Rokhmansyah, A. (2016). Pengantar Gender dan Feminisme: Pemahaman Awal Kritik Sastra Feminisme.
Saguni, F. (2014). Pemberian Stereotype Gender. http://www.komnasperempuan.or.id/en/2009/07/membangun-kepekaan-
Samsidar. (2019). Peran Ganda Wanita dalam Rumah Tangga. An Nisa’, Vol. 12, No. 2.
Simone De Beauvoir. (2011). The Second Sex.
Smith, J. A., Flowers, P., & Larkin, M. (2009). Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis: Theory, Method and Research.
Smith, L. (2013). Working hard with gender: Gendered labour for women in male dominated occupations of manual trades and information technology (IT). Equality, Diversity and Inclusion, 32(6). https://doi.org/10.1108/EDI-12-2012-0116
Sumardiono, N. (2022). Representasi identitas gender influencer laki-laki dengan ekspresi gender feminin di Instagram. Jurnal Magister Ilmu Komunikasi, 8(1), 93–106. http://journal.ubm.ac.id/
Wijaya, T. T., & Sukendro, G. G. (2021). Representasi Feminitas Pada Tokoh Juno dalam Film “Kucumbu Tubuh Indahku” (Analisis Semiotika Roland Barthes) Representasi Femininitas Pada Tokoh Juno dalam Film “Kucumbu Tubuh Indahku” (Analisis Semiotika Roland Barthes). Koneksi, 5.
Taylor, A. (2003). What's New About 'the New Femininity'? Feminism, Femininity and the Discourse of the New. Hecate.
Troiani, I. (2013). Zaha: An Image of “The Woman Architect". Architectural Theory Review.
West, R., & Turner, L. H. (2010). Introducing Communication Theory.
Wright, T. (2016). Gender and Sexuality in Male-Dominated Occupations.
Zulkarnain, J. A., & Wiyatmi. (2018). Dekonstruksi Femininitas dalam Novel-Novel Karya Eka Kurniawan. Poetika: Jurnal Ilmu Sastra, VI(2). https://doi.org/10.22146/poetika.40188
Published
2023-08-26
Section
Articles
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