A Critical Discourse Analysis of Online Media on the Indonesian Government’s Handling of BPJS Kesehatan Fraud
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.38194/jurkom.v9i1.1515Keywords:
BPJS Kesehatan, Critical Discourse Analysis, Fraud, Jaminan Kesehatan Nasional (JKN), Media FramingAbstract
The National Health Insurance (JKN) program has been reported by the media in relation to fraud cases, which are framed not only as legal violations but also as issues of public service governance. This study aims to examine how online news media construct narratives, meanings, and power relations surrounding the JKN fraud issue. Employing a qualitative approach and Van Dijk’s Critical Discourse Analysis framework, which includes the dimensions of text, social cognition, and social context, this study analyzes three news articles published by Kompas.com, Detik.com, and Kumparan.com. The findings reveal that each media outlet constructs the discourse on JKN fraud through distinct emphases. Kompas frames fraud as a systemic problem involving networks of power, Detik highlights administrative responses and state-imposed sanctions with limited transparency, while Kumparan emphasizes cross-institutional collaboration as the proposed solution. Overall, media discourse tends to position the state as a dominant and solution-oriented actor, while critical discussion of the JKN policy structure and oversight mechanisms remains limited. These findings indicate that the media play a crucial role in shaping public understanding of JKN fraud and in representing power relations among the government, hospitals, and regulatory institutions within health policy discourse.
References
Abbas, H. (2008). Buku Pedoman Hak Asasi Manusia bagi Dokter dan Pasien Dalam Mencegah Malpraktek Kedokteran. Badan Penelitian Dan Pengembangan HAM Departemen Hukum Dan HAM RI.
Abdullah, T., & Tantri, F. (2012). Manajemen pemasaran. Jakarta: Raja Grafindo Persada.
Ahmadi, Y., Kurniawan, M. H., & Kusumawardhani, P. (2024). Ideologi jpnn. com dan merdeka. com dalam wacana putusan mahkamah konstitusi tentang uu cipta kerja nomor 11 tahun 2020. Disastra: Jurnal Pendidikan Bahasa Dan Sastra Indonesia, 4(2), 187–197.
Alfaritsi, S., Anggraeni, D., & Fadhil, A. (2020). Analisis wacana kritis berita ‘tentang social distance, cara pemerintah cegah penyebaran virus corona’di detik. com. Communicology: Jurnal Ilmu Komunikasi, 8(1), 131–152.
Aliah Darma, Y. (2009). Analisis Wacana Kritis. Bandung: Yrama Widya Amtu, Onisimus. 2011. Manajemen Pendidikan Di Era Otonomi Daerah. Bandung: Alfabeta.
Alifia, C. P., & Widyaningsih, N. (2023). Analisis Struktur Tematik Teks Berita Kasus Korupsi Tukin (Analisis Wacana Kritis Teun A. Van Dijk). Diksatrasia: Jurnal Ilmiah Pendidikan Bahasa Dan Sastra Indonesia, 7(2), 552.
Ananda, M. F. S., Nugraha, A. R., & Sumartias, S. (2019). Analisis framing pemberitaan korupsi massal di media online detik. com. Jurnal Studi Komunikasi (Indonesian Journal of Communications Studies), 3(2), 253.
Badara, A. (2014). Analisis wacana: Teori, metode, dan penerapannya pada wacana media. Prenada Media.
Bungin, B. (2008). Penelitian Kualitatif. Jakarta: Kencana Prenada Media. Group.
Djasri, H., Rahma, P. A., & Hasri, E. T. (2016). Korupsi dalam pelayanan kesehatan di era jaminan kesehatan nasional: Kajian besarnya potensi dan sistem pengendalian fraud. Integritas: Jurnal Antikorupsi, 2(1), 113–133.
Eriyanto. (2001). Analisis wacana: Pengantar analisis teks media. LKiS Yogyakarta.
Ernes, Y. (2024, August 9). KPK Jelaskan RS Muhammadiyah Bandung Setop Layanan BPJS karena Fraud. . Https://News.Detik.Com/Berita/d-7481487/Kpk-Jelaskan-Rs-Muhammadiyah-Bandung-Setop-Layanan-Bpjs-Karena-Fraud.
Fitriani, D. (2019). Pengaruh gender terhadap keputusan pembelian produk online (Studi kasus terhadap masyarakat Pontianak). Creative Communication and Innovative Technology Journal, 12(1), 99–107.
Ginting, T. S., Pohan, S., & Ginting, S. R. B. (2023). Analisis Wacana Pemberitaan Media Online Kompas. Com Mengenai Kasus Rafael Trisambodo. SEMAR: Jurnal Sosial Dan Pengabdian Masyarakat, 1(2), 23–29.
Gowhary, H., Rahimi, F., Azizifar, A., & Jamalinesari, A. (2015). A critical discourse analysis of the electoral talks of Iranian presidential candidates in 2013. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 192, 132–141.
Harahap, R. U., & Putri, S. A. A. (2018). Pengaruh Penerapan Kode Etik Dan Skeptisisme Profesional Auditor Terhadap Pendeteksian Fraud Pada Kantor BPKP Perwakilan Provinsi Sumatera Utara. Liabilities (Jurnal Pendidikan Akuntansi), 1(3), 251–262.
Hartati, T. S. (2016). pencegahan kecurangan (fraud) dalam pelaksanaan program jaminan kesehatan pada sistem jaminan sosial kesehatan (sjsn)(studi di rumah sakit umum daerah menggala tulang bawang). Fiat Justisia: Jurnal Ilmu Hukum, 10(4), 715–732.
Isriawaty, F. S. (2015). Tanggung Jawab Negara Dalam Pemenuhan Hak Atas Kesehatan Masyarakat Berdasarkan Undang Undang Dasar Negara Republik Indonesia Tahun 1945. (Doctoral dissertation, Tadulako University).
Kriyantono, R. (2012). Teknik Praktis Riset Komunikasi. KencanaPredana.
M.Lutfan. D. (2024, September 20). KPK : Fraud Bidang Kesehatan Rp 20 T. Kasus Jaminan Kesehatan Tak Tersentuh. . Https://Kumparan.Com/Kumparannews/Kpk-Fraud-Bidang-Kesehatan-Rp-20-t-Kasus-Jaminan-Kesehatan-Tak-Tersentuh-23YpqZpxbm9/Full.
Mukhlis, M., Al Masjid, A., Widyaningrum, H. K., Komariah, K., & Sumarlam, S. (2020). Analisis wacana kritis model Teun A. van Dijk pada surat kabar online dengan tajuk kilas balik pembelajaran jarak jauh akibat pandemi covid-19. Geram: Gerakan Aktif Menulis, 8(2), 73–85.
Niam, S. , R. A. (2024, July 25). Skandal Klaim Fiktif BPJS, Pemilik RS Hingga Keluarganya Diduga Terlibat. Https://Nasional.Kompas.Com/Read/2024/07/25/09372081/Skandal-Klaim-Fiktif-Ke-Bpjs-Pemilik-Rs-Hingga-Keluarganya-Diduga-Terlibat.
Nurhayati, N., Muliani, M., & Septian, D. (2022). Analisis Pengaruh Fraud Diamond terhadap Kecurangan Laporan Keuangan:(Studi Empiris Pada Perusahaan Sektor Industri Barang Konsumsi yang Terdaftar di BEI Tahun 2014-2017).
Prihartono, R., & Suharyo, S. (2022). Analisis Wacana Kritis Model Teun A. van Dijk dalam “# DebatKeren Papua–Budiman Sudjatmiko VS Dandhy Laksono.” Wicara: Jurnal Sastra, Bahasa, Dan Budaya, 1(2), 90–96.
Purwoko, H. (2008). Discourse analysis: Kajian wacana bagi semua orang. PT Indeks.
Rahmalia, R., & Hamdani, A. (2025). Analisis Wacana Kritis Model Teun A. Van Dijk. Jurnal Ilmiah Wahana Pendidikan, 11(10. A), 105–118.
Ravelo, J. L. (2017). WHO fraud, harassment cases on the rise. Devex. Com.—2019.—Режим Доступа: Https://Www. Devex. Com/News/Who-Fraud-Harassment-Cases-on-the-Rise-94955 (Дата Обращения: 18.01. 2021).
Rombot, K. M. (2024). Pembatasan Jaminan Kesehatan Oleh Badan Penyelenggara Jaminan Sosial (Bpjs) Kesehatan. LEX PRIVATUM, 14(3).
Rosidah, A., Ghassani, A., Arsita, D., Nisaa, M. K., & Artamevia, N. (2024). Dampak Sistemik Tindak Pidana Kecurangan Terhadap Kepercayaan Publik di Sektor Pemerintahan. Lentera Ilmu, 1(1), 167–176.
Sadeghi, B., Hassani, M. T., & Jalali, V. (2014). Towards (de-) legitimation discursive strategies in news coverage of Egyptian protest: VOA & Fars news in focus. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 98, 1580–1589.
Sam Tito, J., & Siregar, K. N. (2024). Faktor pemicu dan penghambat fraud dalam Program Jaminan Kesehatan Nasional dan strategi pencegahannya: Sebuah scoping review. Jurnal Ekonomi Kesehatan Indonesia, 9(2), 5.
Syakur, A., & Sumarlam, S. (2021). Analisis wacana kritis Teun A. van Dijk pada media online: teks iklanlayanan kesehatan masyarakat tentang covid-19. Prosiding Seminar Nasional Linguistik Dan Sastra (SEMANTIKS), 3, 591–601.
Tuanakotta, T. M. (2010). Akuntansi forensik dan audit investigatif. Jakarta: Salemba Empat, 431.
Wirahyuni, K., Sudiana, I. N., & Daerah1, J. B. (2020). Analisis wacana kritis model Teun A. van Dijk pada pemberitaan Kompas dengan judul “di balik kasus penusukan wiranto dan penangkapan sejumlah terduga teroris.” Bahtera: Jurnal Pendidikan, Bahasa, Sastra, Dan Budaya, 801–818.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 I Gusti Agung Ayu Rahma Praminia, Adelia Dias Triyanti, Ni Putu Diah Eta Tritintya, Ruth Vidyadanu Sekarpratiwi, I Komang Triska Ananda Dilivianugraha Priantara
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain the copyright and grant the journal the right of first publication of the work, simultaneously licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgment of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).
